Bit
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...
and the notation "-1" for a field that contains all 1 bits.
This notation is not intended to imply that the 1-bits in an
...
... and the notation "-1" for a field that contains all 1 bits.
This notation is not intended to imply that the 1-bits in an
address mask need be contiguous.
...
... number> fields (except in the special cases listed above).
This implies that each of these fields will be at least two
bits long.
...
... hosts was to allow
IP addresses to be featureless 32-bit numbers, avoiding
algorithms that required a knowledge of the IP address ...
... Type-of-Service" byte in the IP header is divided into
two sections: the Precedence field (high-order 3 bits), and
a field that is customarily called "Type-of-Service" or
...
... Type-of-Service" or
"TOS" (low-order 5 bits). In this document, all references
to "TOS" or the "TOS ...
... TOS field of every datagram that is sent; the
default is all zero bits. The IP layer SHOULD pass received
...
... (a) A "standard value" MUST be updated at least 15 times
per second (i.e., at most the six low-order bits of the
value may be undefined).
...
... The following reasonableness check on an address mask
is suggested: the mask is not all 1 bits, and it is
either zero or else the 8 highest-order bits are on.
...
... is suggested: the mask is not all 1 bits, and it is
either zero or else the 8 highest-order bits are on.
...
... IP address for
a multihomed host) is a 32-bit mask that selects the
network number and subnet ...
... (b) If the IP destination address bits extracted by the
address mask match the IP source address ...
... address mask match the IP source address bits extracted
by the same mask, then the destination is on the
...
... addresses allows the
destination address to be used as a pure 32-bit
number, which may allow the Internet architecture
to be more easily extended in the future without
...
... route cache entry may also include control
information used to choose an entry for replacement.
This might take the form of a "recently used" bit, a
use count, or a last-used timestamp, for example. It
...
... at which fragmented datagrams can be sent using distinct
values of the 16-bit Ident field; a larger MSL lowers the
maximum rate. The TCP specification [TCP:1 ...
... TOS)
Here the parameter sense is a 1-bit flag indicating whether
positive or negative advice is being given; see the
discussion ...
... full-duplex stream
of octets (8-bit bytes). TCP is used by those applications
needing reliable, connection-oriented ...
... internally without sending it. Similarly, when a series of
segments is received without the PSH bit, a TCP MAY queue
...
... segment boundaries. The transmitter SHOULD collapse
successive PSH bits when it packetizes data, to send the
largest possible segment.
...
... TCP: (1) must not
buffer data indefinitely, and (2) MUST set the PSH bit in
the last buffered segment (i.e., when there is no more
...
...
At the receiver, the PSH bit forces buffered data to be
delivered to the application (even if less than a full
...
... buffer has been received). Conversely, the lack of a
PSH bit can be used to avoid unnecessary wakeup calls
to the application process; this can be an important
performance ...
... performance optimization for large timesharing hosts.
Passing the PSH bit to the receiving application allows
an analogous optimization within the application.
...
... and TCP will not work. It is RECOMMENDED that
implementations reserve 32-bit fields for the send and
receive window sizes in the connection record and do all
...
... receive window sizes in the connection record and do all
window computations with 32 bits.
...
... TCP buffers all user
data (regardless of the PSH bit), until the
outstanding data has been acknowledged or until
the TCP ...
... Window | | | | | | |
Treat as unsigned number |4.2.2.3 |x| | | | |
Handle as 32-bit number |4.2.2.3 | |x| | | |
Shrink window from right |4.2.2.16| | | |x| |
Robust against shrinking window |4.2.2.16|x| | | | |
...