Internet
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While many in the telephony community assume that commercial VoIP
service in the Internet awaits effective end-to-end QoS, in reality
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... QoS is not generally available to
customers in the current Internet. Given the current commercial
interest in VoIP on best-effort media connections ...
... effort traffic over some links in the Internet today, and we expect
this occasional deployment to continue. This document expresses our
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Assuming that VoIP over best-effort Internet connections continues to
gain popularity among consumers with broadband ...
... However, the deployment of technologies requiring change to the
Internet infrastructure is subject to a wide range of commercial as
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... QoS architectures in the
Internet [RFC2990]. Often, interim measures that provide support for
fast-growing applications are adopted, and are successful enough at
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... links. If an IP telephony call
runs completely over the Internet, the connection could easily
traverse congested links ...
... traverse congested links on both ends. Because of economic factors,
the growth rate of Internet telephony is likely to be greatest in
developing countries, where core links are more likely to be
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... hotel room in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, and Nairobi, Kenya. The link
ran over the typical uncongested Internet backbone and access links
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... IP framing. The resulting traffic load over
the Internet was substantially more than the 64 kbps required by the
codec. The primary congestion ...
... circuit-switched telephone service is poor and expensive, and
Internet access is possible and lower cost, provisioning all Internet
links ...
... telephone service is poor and expensive, and
Internet access is possible and lower cost, provisioning all Internet
links to avoid congestion ...
... acceptance/rejection mechanisms for best-effort traffic in the
Internet, the only alternative is the use of end-to-end congestion
control. This is important even if end-to-end ...
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Best-effort traffic in the Internet does not include mechanisms for
call acceptance or rejection. Instead, a best-effort network itself
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Persistent, high packet drop rates are rarely seen in the Internet
today, in the absence of routing failures or other major disruptions.
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... congestion collapse. Congestion collapse was first observed
during the early growth phase of the Internet of the mid 1980s
[RFC896], and the fix was provided by Van Jacobson, who developed the
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... the link. Today, applications and popular codecs for Internet
telephony attempt to compensate by using more FEC, but controlling
the packet flow ...
... traffic competing with other best-effort traffic in the Internet.
That is, we are explicitly not addressing the issues raised by
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... TCP connection without timestamps, since this is the dominant use of
TCP in the Internet.
A separate claim that has sometimes been raised in terms of fairness ...
... RTP or any other transport protocol) on the
best-effort Internet which consumes bandwidth arbitrarily and does
not compete fairly with TCP ...
... "MUST" detect and respond to a persistent high loss rate. Since
congestion collapse can be considered a "danger to the Internet" the
use of "MUST" would be appropriate for RTP traffic ...
... link with other traffic,
since "danger to the Internet" is one of two criteria given in RFC
2119 for the use of "MUST" [RFC2119 ...
... document, the real-time application is likely to significantly
increase the risk of Internet congestion collapse, thereby adversely
impacting the health of the deployed Internet ...
... Internet congestion collapse, thereby adversely
impacting the health of the deployed Internet. If the codec is
capable of reducing its bit rate ...
... explicitly for circuit-switched networks and are not as well-adapted
for Internet use, even with the addition of FEC on top.
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... Eddie Kohler, Mark Handley, Sally Floyd, and Jitendra Padhye, Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), internet-draft Work in Progress, March 2003. URL "http://www.icir.org/kohler/dcp/ ...
... Internet Emergency Preparedness (ieprep), Minutes, 55th IETF Meeting, November 2002. URL "http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us/proceedings/02nov/219.htm#cmr ...
... S.V. Andersen, et. al., Internet Low Bit Rate Codec, Work in Progress, March 2003. ...
... Web page on "Measurement Studies of End-to-End Congestion Control in the Internet", URL "http://www.icir.org/floyd/ccmeasure.html". The section on "Network ...
... Network Measurements at Specific Sites" includes measurement data about the distribution of packet sizes on various links in the Internet. ...
... A. P. Markopoulou, F. A. Tobagi, and M. J. Karam, "Assessing the Quality of Voice Communications Over Internet Backbones", IEEE/ACM Transactions ...
... Web Page on Round-Trip Times in the Internet, URL "http://www.icir.org/floyd/rtt-questions.html" ...
... dropping. As a result, we do not expect to see high steady-state
marking rates in the Internet, even if ECN is in fact deployed.
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Internet Architecture Board
EMail: iab@iab.org
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... EMail: iab@iab.org
Internet Architecture Board Members
at the time this document was published were:
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Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). This document is subject
to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78 ...
... AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE
REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE
INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR ...
... OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE
INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF
THE INFORMATION ...
...
Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
Internet Society.
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