service
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... E.164 numbers. More specifically, how DNS can be used for
identifying available services connected to one E.164 number. It
specifically obsoletes RFC 2916(-> 3761prop) ...
... E.164 numbers, into DNS names and the use of existing DNS services
like delegation through NS ...
... NS records and NAPTR records, one can look up
what services are available for a specific E.164 in a decentralized
way with distributed management ...
... dialing-plan-specific zone. Within that zone there are two Rules
that state that if a match is for the entire exchange and the service
is SIP related then the first, SIP ...
... other Rule matches a longer piece of the AUS, specifying that for
some other service (instant messaging) that the Rule denotes a
departmental level service ...
... service (instant messaging) that the Rule denotes a
departmental level service. If the shorter matching Rule comes
before the longer match, it can 'mask' the other rules. Thus, the
...
... numbers can occur. To mitigate this risk, the E2U portion of the
service field MUST NOT be used for non-E.164 numbers.
...
... Services Parameters ...
...
Service Parameters for this Application take the following form and
are found in the Service field of the NAPTR record ...
... Service Parameters for this Application take the following form and
are found in the Service field of the NAPTR record.
...
... ENUM Services ...
... interoperability within ENUM. In order to be a registered ENUM
Service, the entire specification, including the template, requires
approval by the IESG and publication of the Enumservice registration ...
... security mechanisms themselves. For example, an Enumservice could
be defined for storage of confidential security services
information such as alarm systems or message service passcodes ...
... security services
information such as alarm systems or message service passcodes,
which in turn require an external confidentiality service.
...
... alarm systems or message service passcodes,
which in turn require an external confidentiality service.
...
...
The examples below use theoretical services that contain Enumservices
which might not make sense, but that are still used for educational
...
... attacking the underlying DNS infrastructure is one way of attacking
the ENUM service itself.
There are multiple types of attacks ...
... Denial of Service
As with any network service (or, indeed, almost any service of any
kind in any domain ...
... Denial of Service
As with any network service (or, indeed, almost any service of any
kind in any domain of discourse), DNS ...
... kind in any domain of discourse), DNS is vulnerable to denial of
service attacks. DNS servers are also at risk of being used as
denial of service ...
... denial of
service attacks. DNS servers are also at risk of being used as
denial of service amplifiers, since DNS response packets tend to
be significantly longer than DNS query ...
... call routing policy.
Because of these threats, a deployed ENUM service SHOULD include
mechanisms which ameliorate these threats. Most of these threats can
be solved by verifying the authenticity of the data via mechanisms
...
... such as DNSSEC [8] once it is deployed. Others, such and Denial Of
Service attacks, cannot be solved by data authentication. It is
important to remember that these threats include not only the NAPTR ...
... lookups themselves, but also the various records needed for the
services to be useful (for example NS, MX, SRV and A records ...
... DNS can not be protected against
with DNSSEC. A service should always authenticate the peers as part
of the setup process for the service ...
... service should always authenticate the peers as part
of the setup process for the service itself and never blindly trust
any kind of addressing ...
... addressing mechanism.
Finally, as an ENUM service will be implementing some type of
security mechanism, software which implements ENUM ...
... which there are multiple providers of call routing and number/name-
translation services. In these areas, any system that permits users,
or putative agents ...
... ENUM resolution is exactly the same.
The format of the service field has changed. The old format was of
the form "example+E2U", while the new format is "E2U ...