datagram
Click on the red underlined text to get to the source
...
We consider here only the case of unreliable, unsequenced, possibly
duplicated datagram broadcasts (for a discussion of TCP ...
... broadcasting,
see [10].) Even though unreliable and limited in length, datagram
broadcasts are quite useful [1 ...
... We do not assume, however, that broadcasts are reliably delivered.
(One might consider providing a reliable datagram broadcast protocol
as a layer ...
... broadcasts are usually used where multicasts
are what is wanted; datagrams are broadcast at the hardware level,
...
... IP layer is not involved, except that a host should discard
datagram not meant for it without becoming flustered (i.e.,
printing an error message).
...
... case is the same as local-network broadcasts; the datagram is
routed by normal mechanisms until it reaches a gateway attached
...
... broadcasting, a host determines if it is the
recipient of a datagram by matching the destination address against
all of its IP addresses ...
... broadcast need only
specify the appropriate destination address and send the datagram as
usual. Any sophisticated algorithms need only reside in gateways ...
... No modification of the IP datagram format. ...
... When a gateway receives a local broadcast datagram, there are
several things it might have to do with it. The situation is
unambiguous, but without due care it is possible to create ...
...
The appropriate action to take on receipt of a broadcast datagram
depends on several things: the subnet it was received on, the
...
... The primary rule for avoiding loops is "never broadcast a
datagram on the hardware network it was received on". It is
...
... hardware network it was received on". It is
not sufficient simply to avoid repeating datagram that a
gateway has heard from itself; this still allows loops if
...
... gateway should consider itself to be a destination of the
datagram (for example, it might be a routing table update.)
...
... method is simple: the gateway should
forward copies of the datagram along all connected links, if and
only if the datagram ...
... datagram along all connected links, if and
only if the datagram arrived on the link which is part of the best
route ...
... route between the gateway and the source of the datagram.
Otherwise, the datagram should be discarded.
...
... source address of an ICMP Information
Request datagram. However, as a notational convention, we refer to
networks ...
... address as a
broadcast, then a datagram sent with a Time-To-Live of T could
potentially give rise to T**N spurious re-broadcasts ...